No, as much as I like that topic, and I think everyone should know a little bit about it, you are not required to know it for this course.
Epigenetic inheritance is the phenomenon whereby you can inherit 'information' that is not in a DNA sequence. For example, in a particular tissue, a daughter cell 'remember' which genes were expressed and which ones were silent in its mother cell, and it inherits this 'infomration' (so it will keep silent the same genes that were silent in its mother cell).
No, as much as I like that topic, and I think everyone should know a little bit about it, you are not required to know it for this course.
Epigenetic inheritance is the phenomenon whereby you can inherit 'information' that is not in a DNA sequence. For example, in a particular tissue, a daughter cell 'remember' which genes were expressed and which ones were silent in its mother cell, and it inherits this 'infomration' (so it will keep silent the same genes that were silent in its mother cell).
craig mentioned about the "lollipop structure" which is the crossover between IR sequence in prokaryotes. Do we only see that in prokaryotes? Also, crossover occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes as a way to move transposable elements right? Thank you very much
I don't know if anyone has actually seen that structure in eukaryotes, but it may occur in eukaryotes too. Crossovers that move trnsposable elements can happen in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The precise mechanism of transposition, however, is still not completely clear!
Cheers
Pam
PS: wikipedia has a really nice section on transposons: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposon
You mentioned that enhancer sequence can be even within a gene itself... Can a silence sequence be within a gene as well? What significance would this play in the overall picture (whether enhancer is upstream, downstream, within gene)?
Yes, an enhancer could be in an intron. The same is valid for silencers... Where an enhancer or silencer is does not necessarily matters, but when we have to remember this. For example, when we go 'looking for enhancers', like in that mouse question (gene only expressed in the kidneys of male mice)...we need to remember to look both upstream and downstream of the gene of interest, and also 'inside' the gene itself.
I am not sure if this answers your question....let me know!
yes and no. We also need to have a phenotype (or SOMETHING) that we are going after. For example, we may know that all the individuals with the deletion in question display a certain mutant phenotype. This allows us to infer that a gene that is crucial for the phenotype that we are looking at is normally located in the region of the genome that is deleted in the mutant individuals. Same idea with an insertion...if we see that every time we have the insertion at a particular locus, we also see a mutant phenotype, then it is probably that the insertion is what causes the mutant phenotype. The insertion or deletion represent a spot where we can start chromosome walking from.
All you have to do to find out the size of a PCR-amplified fragment is run it on a gel beside a standard (or a 'ladder', a mixture of molecules of known size). This is the fastest way to find out the size of the fragment. Same applies for RT-PCR
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11 comments:
Hello Pam,
Do we need to know about epigenetic inheritance? I don't recall the topic...
Thanks always,
No, as much as I like that topic, and I think everyone should know a little bit about it, you are not required to know it for this course.
Epigenetic inheritance is the phenomenon whereby you can inherit 'information' that is not in a DNA sequence. For example, in a particular tissue, a daughter cell 'remember' which genes were expressed and which ones were silent in its mother cell, and it inherits this 'infomration' (so it will keep silent the same genes that were silent in its mother cell).
You're always welcome!
No, as much as I like that topic, and I think everyone should know a little bit about it, you are not required to know it for this course.
Epigenetic inheritance is the phenomenon whereby you can inherit 'information' that is not in a DNA sequence. For example, in a particular tissue, a daughter cell 'remember' which genes were expressed and which ones were silent in its mother cell, and it inherits this 'infomration' (so it will keep silent the same genes that were silent in its mother cell).
You're always welcome!
craig mentioned about the "lollipop structure" which is the crossover between IR sequence in prokaryotes. Do we only see that in prokaryotes? Also, crossover occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes as a way to move transposable elements right?
Thank you very much
I don't know if anyone has actually seen that structure in eukaryotes, but it may occur in eukaryotes too.
Crossovers that move trnsposable elements can happen in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The precise mechanism of transposition, however, is still not completely clear!
Cheers
Pam
PS: wikipedia has a really nice section on transposons:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposon
Hi,
You mentioned that enhancer sequence can be even within a gene itself... Can a silence sequence be within a gene as well? What significance would this play in the overall picture (whether enhancer is upstream, downstream, within gene)?
Thanks!
Yes, an enhancer could be in an intron. The same is valid for silencers...
Where an enhancer or silencer is does not necessarily matters, but when we have to remember this. For example, when we go 'looking for enhancers', like in that mouse question (gene only expressed in the kidneys of male mice)...we need to remember to look both upstream and downstream of the gene of interest, and also 'inside' the gene itself.
I am not sure if this answers your question....let me know!
Cheers
Pam
when we do dna in situ hybridization and we find a deletion or insertion in a chromosome, is this enough information to do positional cloning?
yes and no. We also need to have a phenotype (or SOMETHING) that we are going after.
For example, we may know that all the individuals with the deletion in question display a certain mutant phenotype. This allows us to infer that a gene that is crucial for the phenotype that we are looking at is normally located in the region of the genome that is deleted in the mutant individuals.
Same idea with an insertion...if we see that every time we have the insertion at a particular locus, we also see a mutant phenotype, then it is probably that the insertion is what causes the mutant phenotype.
The insertion or deletion represent a spot where we can start chromosome walking from.
I hope this helps
for RT-PCR, why is there no information on transcript size? Can we tell dna fragment size with PCR? Thank you very much
All you have to do to find out the size of a PCR-amplified fragment is run it on a gel beside a standard (or a 'ladder', a mixture of molecules of known size). This is the fastest way to find out the size of the fragment.
Same applies for RT-PCR
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